In the afternoon of April 29, 2020, the Global Port Development Report (2019) (hereinafter referred to as the "Report") conference and the port development keynote speech of the SISI expert forum series activities were held for the first time in the form of live video conference.
Zhen Hong, Secretary General of Shanghai International Shipping Research Center and Professor of Shanghai Maritime University, led the report preparation team as the keynote speaker. Zhao Nan, Assistant Secretary General of SISI and Director of Port Development Research Institute, chaired the meeting and issued the Report.
In the interpretation of the Report, Xie Wenqing, assistant director of SISI Port Development Institute, analyzed the global port development environment, production status, global terminal operators' development status, terminal investment and construction, the impact of Indian shipping policies on port development, port supply chain and cross-border e-commerce cooperation mode, global terminal operators' risk resistance ability and investment, and global cruise port development trend in 2019, The contents of the report are analyzed in detail.
When talking about the development trend of global ports in 2020, Xie Wenqing believed that, affected by the global pandemic of COVID-19 and the soaring cost of shipping under low sulfur oil, the growth rate of global economy and trade will fall sharply in 2020, and the growth rate of global port throughput may fall. Specifically, Asian ports may face negative growth, American and European ports continue to decline, and Australian ports have stagnated.
At the same time, the port investment market is in a short period of downturn, which is reflected in the relatively stable port construction in Asia, the new round of port construction in the United States and East Asia will be put on hold, the pace of port construction in China will gradually slow down, and the demand for automated terminal construction may increase.
In terms of global terminal operators, the Report believes that the integration tide will reappear, mainly because terminal operators sell assets to promote integration. From the perspective of the capacity change and operation of COSCO Shipping Port, China Merchants Group Port, Dubai Global Port Group, Maersk Terminal, Singapore International Port Group, Hutchison Port and other important global terminal operators, the growth rate of global terminal operators is generally good.
When forecasting the development trend of the port supply chain, Xie Wenqing said that he would pay more attention to the comprehensive customized services of customers in the future. For customers, the biggest benefit brought by the integration of related services is the "seamless" logistics experience.
For service providers, the wider the coverage of services, the higher the service fees they can earn. Moreover, the extension of supply chain services to upstream and downstream also means more customized service programs and wider customer groups.
At the same time, the port supply chain also shows a trend of online development. This not only provides convenience for collaborative development, but also puts forward higher requirements for the response speed of the logistics supply chain itself.
How does the port supply chain develop in coordination with cross-border e-commerce?
Xie Wenqing concluded that the essence of the coordinated development of port logistics supply chain and cross-border e-commerce is the deep integration of the port industry into the global logistics supply chain market.
Specifically, in the face of such inevitable trends as decentralization, order fragmentation and supply chain flattening, the port supply chain must seize the opportunity of the era of "interconnection of everything". In the future, cross-border trade can provide "end-to-end" logistics integration services through third-party cross-border e-commerce platforms.
Taking advantage of the agglomeration effect of e-commerce platform, port supply chain service providers need to extend insurance, banking and other service providers on the basis of combining ports, shipping companies, docks, freight forwarders, warehousing, customs clearance, and fleets, and develop a cross-border centered supply chain ecosystem. At the meeting, Professor Zhenhong also communicated and shared with online guests on hot topics.
First, the development of port enterprises has shown a trend of network layout in both sea and land directions. Global terminal operators have strengthened their control over the sea port network and the layout of inland dry ports, extending the port service functions inland.
The second is to build a "process to process" connection, build a logistics supply chain with ports as the core, and provide a "flexible service" port with stronger responsiveness to changes in market demand.
Third, enhance the coordinated development of ports and cities. For example, the current port area has become an important support for port development, which can create a development model of "port area+logistics park+port industrial park".
Fourth, the port's sustainable development model can be developed in the direction of "resource conservation+environment-friendly".
Fifth, it is necessary to have full coverage of information and data collection capabilities. A smart port with advanced digital technology application capabilities will be the only way for future port development.
It is understood that this series of Reports has won the second prize of the Science and Technology Progress Award of the China Ports Association. In the 2019 Global Shipping Report recently released by the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, the relevant data of the 2018 Global Port Development Report has also been quoted.